Explore the Significance of Metafiction in Jeanette Winterson’s Story of the Twelve Dancing Princesses

Throughout Winterson’s rendition of ‘the twelve dancing princesses’ – adapted from the renowned story by the Grimm Brothers –the plotline is explicitly centred around an array of fictional images. Implicitly though, the metafiction and accretion used can be unveiled as symbolism that correlates with a larger meaning; the images associated with men are uncomfortable and even evil in comparison to the comforting images (including the mermaid) that represent womanhood. Therefore, in the two specific examples of the mermaid and the poison, the reader may accept fiction as an underlying detail that leads to a deeper truth or argument.In the exact example of the mermaid the reader learns that the senior princess has fallen in love with her (the mermaid) and that they ‘live in the well’ together. The scene is evidently fictional; mermaids don’t exist, and if they did, then Jordon and the princess wouldn’t be able to stand in the w ell and converse with the mermaid due to biological impossibilities. Therefore the statement is immediately false, yet the reader may find themselves accepting it as truth in order to move on to the grittiness of the plotline, and discover the significance of the mermaid; her impact can be interpreted in various ways.Firstly, the mermaid could be seen as the product of rebellion against the conventional ritual of marriage to a husband. Rebellion seems a reasonable suggestion after studying the original story, which Winterson’s tale is arguably a continuation of. The ‘doors that were shut and locked up’ each night exemplify the father’s masculine domination over the freedom of his daughters. Likewise, in the tale the King’s offspring would rather see the soldiers killed than have their freedom limited; that ‘they laughed heartily’ at the sleeping soldier exhibits this.That the princess had to plunge in ‘deep waters’ in Winte rson’s tale exemplifies how she was willing to face the unknown (traditionally in literature the ocean is feared e. g. In the Tempest Ferdinand cries ‘hell is empty and all of the devils are here’ before plummeting into the ocean) in order to search for entertainment aside from her husband. Secondly, the mermaid could represent the princesses’ craving for womanhood – this links on from the rebellion against masculine dominance.The ‘deep waters’ as a meeting place, followed by the fact that the couple live in the well – envisaging a womb like place due to its round and wet characteristics – may bring to some reader’s minds an obvious yearning for womanly presence and dominance within the princess. It is noticeable that the existence of a mother is lacking in both renditions of the myth and so arguably the princess may be trying to reconnect with the womb of the Motherly figure that appears nonexistent in childhood. A cceptance of nonsense can be further seen on page 55 in a passage where content may be viewed as allegorical.There is also arguably a sense of intertextuality as it bares reflection to the synoptic bible passage of the demon possessed man (Mathew 8:28-34), which should consequently ring out clear symbolic meaning to the reader. The melodramatic line ‘Out of his (the husband) belly came a herd of cattle and a fleet of pigs ’ can be defined by the reader as an impossible scenario. Consequently the reader will seek the implicit meaning which holds a deeper content. In the Bible passage, the rearing of swine off the cliff enabled the demon possessed man to walk freed from his past torments.Therefore, the suggestion could be that the husband is better off dead, released from sin, than living alive as an overeater with evil within him – gluttony being a biblical crime. This argument is supported when the door salesman says to the princess ‘you are right to kill h im’. The princess’s hate for her husband’s obesity reflects the forced status of their marriage; nowhere in the passage does any form of love or appreciation ring clear, only a sense of endurance – ‘we had been married a few years’ for example suggests that the princess thinks that this is a fair enough trail run before murdering him .He is presented as unlikeable through firstly the unpleasant verbs that the princess attaches to his actions – ‘gulped’, ‘crashing’, ‘swelled’, ‘complained’ – and secondly through the portrayal of him as the demon. Arguably, the princess finds control and order after the fictional explosion that kills her husband, as Winterson writes in the first person, ‘I rounded them (the herd) up’ – stressing the herd’s obedience to her – contrasting to their disorderly actions to the husband who ‘had always complained a bout his digestion’ while the herds had been inside of him.Following on from this, it is arguable that with the ending of her (the princess’s) marriage came her ability to ‘live according’ to her ‘tastes’. Her true satisfaction is exemplified in the final sentence ‘I prefer farming to cooking,’ which, again allegorically, is arguably stating that she prefers her single life – where she farms the cattle- , to her married life – where she cooks the cattle. Therefore, again in this passage, the reader may accept that the content is fanciful to the real world, but for the passage it is necessary as the images created have significant impact on the symbolic meaning that Winterson is creating.Is Winterson a feminist? This could certainly be argued given the evidence found in the passages. A strong conclusion to her work is that woman have more of a chance of ‘living happily ever after’ by ‘living accordi ng to their own tastes’ than through forced marriage – the latter being the favourable traditionally in fairytales. This is mainly because Winterson’s argument represents a changing view of a woman’s place in a more modern society than that of Grimm’s.Although she retains the same time period as the original tale, the conclusion that woman can find freedom through outwitting their husbands is much different from literature that would have been produced in early decades – (albeit freedom is temporarily found by the daughters in Grimm’s tale when they outwit their father, and the soldiers night after night). Therefore a reader may acknowledge the falsehood in Winterson’s passages, and yet acknowledge it as true in search for the deeper truth underneath.

Should PT.Kabitama Chem Tex invest on foundry pig iron or HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) in order to expand its metal business - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2510 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? The sole proprietor of PT.Kabitama Chem Tex, which is a foreign Investment Company, had expressed interest in expanding his metal business. And so the aim of this paper was to carry out a feasibility study examining two investment alternatives forKabitama. Therefore, the research question is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Should PT.Kabitama Chem Tex invest on foundry pig iron or HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) in order to expand its metal business?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Through primary source (Interviews) and secondary sources (document, websites, textbooks) the SWOT was drawn out followed by decision tree and investment appraisal of the two metal products. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Should PT.Kabitama Chem Tex invest on foundry pig iron or HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) in order to expand its metal business?" essay for you Create order The SWOT analyses of the company helped in gaining a clear understanding of Kabitamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objectives of the project, this was done by identifying the internal and external factors. Major part of this paper went into analysing the quantitative decision-making techniques, as the conclusion is based on these results. The conclusion and recommendation gives an assessment of the two possible investment options for Kabitama and concludes that, on the bases of quantitative factors, HMS is a better product to invest on than Pig Iron. It also suggests that the company should also consider the qualitative factors, in order to reduce the risk factor. Word Count 197 Introduction PT.Kabitama Chem Tex is a foreign Investment Company with Mr Manish Parekh as the sole proprietor. Kabitama chemtex is a trading company that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“deals in various types of chemicals, textiles and metals, with many countries like Indonesia, India, USA, South Africa, Dubai, Australi a, China, and many more, depending on the products, either to sell or buy as per the availability or demand of that product in the respective country. At present chemicals like dyes, dyes intermediates, plasticizers, agro products, glycols, are running smoothly. Where as in textiles, the market is mainly captured by China; therefore there is no big scope to grow. Coming to metals, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a very promising area.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1] [2] Right now Kabitama is catering 1-2 metal products, but if market starts growing then requirement of many other items will emerge. This needs to be carefully observed, put into marketing research department. This report will carry out a feasibility study investigating two investment alternatives forKabitama. The first investment opportunity is on foundry pig iron. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Foundry Pig Iron is used mostly for making grey iron steel product, ductile iron steel product used for motor spare parts and many industrial spare parts. These are used in replacement of scrap HMS as it has better properties like fast melting; firm specs and gives uniform results.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3] The second investment opportunity is on HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Scraps are used to produce steel products as well as in foundry too. Both the products go hand in hand and so the price plays a big role.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [4] Therefore the research question is- Should PT.Kabitama Chem Tex invest on foundry pig iron or HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) in order to expand its metal business? Methodology A range of sources was applied to investigate Kabitamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s two alternative choices. Primary research involves interviews with the owner of Kabitama, Mr Parekh and the accountant, Mr Himawan. This was undertaken in order to identify Kabitamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s future strategic and financial plan. The interviews also contributed to their knowledge and understanding of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s SWOT, as well as the venture risks, and operating procedures Secondary research was carried out in order to collect information and data related to the company as well as to learn more about investment appraisal and decision tree. The information was collected from various sources such as financial documents, textbook and websites. The focus of this assignment is to compare the primary and secondary information to explore and companies two alternative product choices, and analyse them through investment appraisal, decision tree and SWOT, in order to compose a suitable solution. Research and findings Product details[5] Indonesia is full of rich minerals but its raw materials are still only exported. Not much raw material are converted to semi finish product which can fetch more money if there will be a support for foreign investor to invest in Smelting plant by which the raw material can be converted to semi finish product and ultimately it will bring more profit to the compan y as well as the country. Indonesia wants to start building automotive and its spare parts manufacturing. Till now all cars are assembled where by the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“population of Indonesia is 250 millionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [6] and still not self reliant even though all the ores and man power are available in the country. Therefore, the requirement of metal is quiet huge in Indonesia as some of the products they need to Import. In the last 2 years there is a shift of business in metals from Korea, Thailand, Taiwan and China towards Indonesia. A substantial growth has been detected which can grow into multi product requirement and to capture any big market share. Kabitama has to have a good base to represent and offer its related products before competitors enters, which Kabitama already has. Now they need to do more competitive sourcing, tracking new buyers and upgrade technical aspects of products. Decision Tree[7] Calculations[8] Pig Iron HMS Expected values ($5660949ÃÆ'—0.7)-($566094.9ÃÆ'—0.3)= $3792835.83 ($5649756ÃÆ'—0.9)-($1412439ÃÆ'—0.1)= $4943536.5 Net Expected values $3792835.83-$2500000= $1292835.83 $4943536.5-$2200000= $2743536.5 Investment Appraisal[9] Investment appraisal is a quantitative technique used to calculate the financial cost and benefits of an investment decision. The payback period Works out how long it takes to repay the initial investment Net present value This takes into account the time value of money. It is based on the principle that money is worth more than it is in the future. Investment Project A: Foundry pig iron[10] Investment $2500000 Interest 6% Month Cash flow ($) Cumulative cash flow ($) Discount factor[11] Present value April 424957.5 424957.5 0.943 400734.9225 May 463590 888547.5 0.943 437165.37 June 500505.5 1389053 0.943 471976.6865 July 442127.5 1831181 0.943 416926.2325 August 173417 2004598 0.943 163532.231 September 370872 2375470 0.943 349732.296 October 566610 2942080 0.943 534313.23 November 585497 3527577 0.943 552123.671 December 613827.5 4141404 0.943 578839.3325 January 533557.75 4674962 0.943 503144.9583 February 505227.25 5180189 0.943 476429.2968 March 480760 5660949 0.943 453356.68 Total 5660949 5338274.907 Payback Period= 6 months = 6 months and 6.8 days 2838274.907 Investment Project B: HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) [12] Investment $2200000 Interest 6% Month Cash flow ($) Cumulative cash flow ($) Discount factor[13] Present value April 461151.6 461151.6 0.943 434865.9588 May 499653 960804.6 0.943 471172.779 June 506142 1466946.6 0.943 477291.906 July 508737.6 1975684.2 0.943 479739.5568 August 245284.2 2220968.4 0.943 231303.0006 September 514794 2735762.4 0.943 485450.742 October 584010 3319772.4 0.943 550721.43 November 517389.6 3837162 0.943 487898.3928 December 472399.2 4309561.2 0.943 445472.4456 January 483646.8 4793208 0.943 456078.9324 February 428274 5221482 0.943 403862.382 March 428274 5649756 0.943 403862.382 Total 5649756  ­- 5327719.908 Payback Period= 4 months = 4 months and 28.4 days 3127719.908 Analysis and discussion SWOT analysis[14] Kabitama has a very good market reputation for keeping commitments in terms of delivery. This will work as an advantage, as the business will easily get suppliers and buyers, and therefore have high customer retention. The owner has high knowledge of the products, which helps the business to respond to the market quickly. As Kabitama is owned by a sole trader, there is no hierarchy, which insinuates quick decision making. At the same time, the size of the company suggests limited human resources and unlimited liability. Another weakness of the business is that, project planning is nonexistent. This can create big problems while making a decision. The automobile industry is growing in Indonesia; therefore there is a huge requirement of metal products. By taking this opportunity of increase in market demand, Kabitama can grow their metal business and earn higher re venues. As a trading company there should be a continuous monitor of price trend as well as market demand. Buying and selling has to be in a swift mode. Goods should not be lying in warehouse. If there is high supply of the product, than there should be a high demand for the product or visa-versa. If this doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t happen then there this ultimately causes cost, black finance and if there is a poor demand then may cause lost too. So the demand and supply of the products are very important in order to make the project a success. It is also important for the company to analyse the fluctuation of the exchange rates, government laws, payment terms, ect. This is because market price of the raw material depends on these factors. If any of these changes, then it might act as an opportunity or a threat for the business. Decision tree analysis A decision tree is a quantitative decision making tool. A decision tree will help the company to choose between the two proj ects as it projects a balanced picture of the risks and rewards associated with each project, by calculating the expected values. This value refers to the average outcome if the decision was made several times, in exactly same situation. [15] The net expected value for project B ($2743536.5) is more than double than the value for project A ($1292835.83). This clearly states that project B is the best option out of the two projects, and therefore the company should reject project A. But before doing so, it is important for the company to should consider additional financial and non-financial information. Even though a decision tree allows the company to analyze fully the possible consequences of a decision, it can also be incorrect. As a decision tree depends on the accuracy of the estimate data. If the data is biased towards a particular outcome or is wrongly estimated, than automatically the results will be incorrect. To avoid this problem I have also calculate the investment ap praisal of the two projects. Investment appraisal Analysis Project A- Pig Iron Project B- HMS Profit $3160949 $3449756 Payback Period 6 months + 6.8 days 4 months + 28.4 days NPV 2838274.907 3127719.908 The table above gives an overview of the investment appraisal I have calculated. The payback period for project B is shorter than project A. This suggests that project B will take less time to earn enough profits to repay the cost of the initial investments. Therefore project B is more liquid, and less risky as it allows the company to recoup the investment sooner, so they can reinvest the money elsewhere. Moreover, with a shorter payback period, theres less of a chance that the economy, exchange rates, market conditions, or other factors affecting this project will drastically change. This method is the simplest way of comparing investment projects in order to identify which project yields a quick return for the business. However, this method ignores the total revenue on the investment projects and the time value of money.[16] To overcome this problem I have calculated the net present value of these two projects, as it considers the time value of money. The net present va lue method will help the company find the present value in todays dollars of the opportunity cost of money and future netcash flow of the projects. NPV analysis is used to evaluate the projects cash flows, rather than the revenue from the project. This is because à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“NPV does not consider depreciation as it is not an out-of-pocket expenseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [17] . In this case the opportunity cost is the interest rate which is 6%. Both the projects are giving positive outcomes; this suggests that both the projects are profitable for the company. As Project B has a greater difference between NPV and cost than project A, it is advisable to choose project B. Conclusion and Evaluation In answering the question à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Should PT.Kabitama Chem Tex invest on foundry pig iron or HMS (High Mild Steel Scrap) in order to expand its metal business?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  This paper clearly delineates the extent of its effectiveness by analysing the SWOT, investment appraisal and decision tree of these two metal products. This paper should help Kabitama in deciding the best investment project for expanding their metal business. Overall, on the bases of the investment appraisal and decision tree, it is advisable for Kabitama to choose project B (HMS) as it has higher profit, lower payback period, higher net present value and a very high net expected value then project A (Pig Iron). But these are only the quantitative decision making techniques, in order to decide the best option it is important to also consider the qualitative side (non-financial factors). Which are[18]:- The aims of the organisation- if Kabitamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s aim is to earn maximum profit then it will focus on the results of investment appraisal, Reliability of the data Risk- this project can be a risk if the data is wrong as the calculations will be wrong which may lead to a wrong decision. Kabitama may prefer to choose a lower but more certain return. The Economy- Interest rates will have a major impact. If interest rates are increasing, any investment will be required to provide a greater profit. Future economic changes, such as a recession or boom, must be considered in the predictions of future costs and revenues. Image- Kabitama should consider how this project might affect its image and public relations Ethics- as Kabitama has a genuine commitment to trading ethically; the company should also consider this factor. So to decide which project is the best, the company should research more on the qualitative factors of investment appraisal technique and other non-financial factors. The company should also include more metal products in their research department, this will help the company in choosing the best metal product to invest and expand their mental business. It may also be useful to adopt other methods of investment appraisal such as the Accounting Rate of Return, which is less sensitive to fluctuations in future cash inflow. This way, with more information, Kabitama will be able to see the advantages and disadvantages of each project more clearly. This will result in reducing the risk factor and there will be a higher possibility for the investment to be a success. [1] Appendix 1- Parekh, Manish. Personal interview. 22 Feb. 2013. [2]Textiles Industry in Hong Kong | HKTDC.Textiles Industry in Hong Kong | HKTDC. 14 Apr. 2013 https://hong-kong-economy-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Hong-Kong- Industry- Profiles/Textiles-Industry-in-Hong-Kong/hkip/en/1/1X000000/1X0040EM.htm. [3] Appendix 3 Wira, Himawan. Personal interview. 5 Apr. 2013. [4] Appendix 1- Parekh, Manish. Personal interview. 22 Feb. 2013. [5] Appendix 1- Parekh, Manish. Personal interview. 22 Feb. 2013. [6] Indonesia Population 2013.- World Population Review. Web. 08 Mar. 2013. https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/indonesia-population/. [7] Appendix 3- Wira, Himawan. PT.Kabitama Chem Tex Financial data on metal products. 5 Apr. 2013. Raw data. Indonesia, Jakarta. [8] Clark, Paul.Business and Management: Course Companion. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2012. Print. [9] Clark, Paul, Peter Golden, and Mark ODea.IB Business and Management. Oxford: Oxford UP , 2009. Print. [10] Appendix 3 4 Wira, Himawan. Personal interview. 5 Apr. 2013. Wira, Himawan. PT.Kabitama Chem Tex Financial data on metal products. 5 Apr. 2013. Raw data. Indonesia, Jakarta. [11] Appendix 5- Brealey, Richard A., Stewart C. Myers, and Franklin Allen. . Principles of Corporate Finance. 8th ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin companies page 1.PRESENT VALUE TABLES. 10 Apr. 2013 https://jcooney.ba.ttu.edu/fin3322/Brealey Files/Appendix A Present Value Tables.pdf. [12] Appendix 3 4 Wira, Himawan. Personal interview. 5 Apr. 2013. Wira, Himawan. PT.Kabitama Chem Tex Financial data on metal products. 5 Apr. 2013. Raw data. Indonesia, Jakarta. [13] Appendix 5- Brealey, Richard A., Stewart C. Myers, and Franklin Allen. . Principles of Corporate Finance. 8th ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin companies page 1.PRESENT VALUE TABLES. 10 Apr. 2013 https://jcooney.ba.ttu.edu/fin3322/Brealey Files/Appendix A Present Value Tables.pdf. [14] Appendix 12- Parekh, Manish. Personal interview. 22 Feb. 2013. [15] Decision Trees.Decision Tree Analysis. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. https://www.mindtools.com/dectree.html. [16] Clark, Paul, Peter Golden, and Mark ODea.IB Business and Management. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009. Print. [17] Winmark Business Solutions.WBS Online. Web. 12 May 2013. https://www.wbsonline.com/resources/net-present-value-of-major-purchases/. [18] Accounts and Finance.Investment Appraisal. Web. 21 May 2013. https://www.gregglee.biz/ftp/student/Finance/page_28.htm.

The History of Kraft Foods

1765: A Dorchester, Massachusetts, physician, Dr. James Baker, went into partnership with an Irish chocolate-maker, John Hannon and made Americas first chocolate mill.1780: The mill made the famous BAKERS chocolate.1880: The Empire Cheese Company of New York began producing PHILADELPHIA BRAND Cream Cheese for a New York distributor called Reynolds.1882: Isaac and Joseph Breakstone (Breakstone Bros) opened a small dairy store on New York Citys Lower East Side.1883: The now famous Oscar F. Mayer and his brothers Gottfried and Max started a meat market in Chicago.1889: Food salesman, William M. Wright, created a new baking powder called CALUMETÂ ® which he made at night and sold during the day.1892: Joel Cheek developed a coffee blend for the Maxwell House Hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, called MAXWELL HOUSE coffee.1946: MAXWELL HOUSE instant coffee was introduced to the American public after the armed forces used it in World War II.1895: In Battle Creek, Michigan, C.W. Post made the fi rst POSTUMÂ ®, a cereal beverage. Post created GRAPE-NUTSÂ ® cereal in 1897, and POST TOASTIESÂ ® corn flakes in 1908.1897: Pearl Wait adapted an 1845 patent for a gelatin dessert. May Davis Wait named the new product JELL-O brand gelatin. In 1899, Orator Francis Woodward bought the trademark rights to JELL-OÂ ® for $450. Woodward launched the advertising campaign for Americas most favorite Dessert in 1902, thus ushering the era of psychological marketing.1903: J.L. Kraft started a wholesale cheese business in Chicago.1905: John Arbuckle created YUBAN coffee blend.1906: Oscar Mayer is one of the first meatpackers to obtain the Federal Meat Inspection stamp of approval.1907: Legend claims that when President Theodore Roosevelt was served a cup of MAXWELL HOUSE coffee and he proclaimed that it was GOOD TO THE LAST DROP.1914: J.L. Kraft Bros. Co. opened their first cheese factory in Stockton, Illinois, within a year they begin producing process cheese in tins. The U.S. government provided cheese in tins for the armed forces during World War I.1921: Louis Rich bought a truck and started his business in Rock Island, Illinois.1927: Edwin Perkins created a powdered fruit drink called KOOL-ADE, later called KOOL-AID. Perkins created KOOL-AID from his first product the popular soft drink syrup called Fruit Smack. The same year the Postum Company marketed SANKA decaffeinated coffee (first sold in the U.S. in 1923).1928: Kraft introduced VELVEETA process cheese.1933: Kraft introduced MIRACLE WHIP salad dressing at Chicagos Century of ProgressWorlds Fair.1936: Little Oscar and the WIENERMOBILE started the advertising campaign for Oscar Mayer Co.1937: KRAFT Macaroni and Cheese Dinner were introduced with the advertising slogan of Make a meal for 4 in 9 minutes.1949: MINUTE Rice was nationally distributed.1950: KRAFT Deluxe process cheese slices, the first commercially packaged sliced process cheese was introduced.1952: CHEEZ WHIZ pasteurized process cheese spread was introduced.1954: Kraft introduced CRACKER BARREL brand natural cheese.1957: The General Foods Corporation introduced TANG, breakfast beverage crystals.1963: The now famous wiener jingle first appeared in Oscar Mayer commercials.I965: The company introduced SHAKE N BAKE coating mix in two versions, chicken and fish.1966: COOL WHIP nondairy whipped topping was introduced.1972: STOVE TOP stuffing mix was introduced.1973: GENERAL FOODS INTERNATIONAL COFFEES flavored coffees were introduced.1981: General Foods Corp. bought Oscar Mayer Co.1983: Kraft introduced LIGHT N LIVELY low-fat yogurt, the first US yogurt in a six-pack.1985: Philip Morris Companies Inc. buys general Foods Corporation.1986: Kraft purchased Tombstone Pizza Corporation of Medford, Wisconsin (est.1962).1988: Philip Morris Companies Inc bought Kraft, Inc. Oscar Mayer introduced LUNCHABLES.1989: Philip Morris Companies combined Kraft, Inc. and General Foods Corporation to form Kraft General Foods, the largest food compa ny in the U.S. DI GIORNO brand refrigerated pasta and sauces were introduced.1993: Kraft General Foods acquired NABISCO ready-to-eat cold cereals from RJR Nabisco.1995: Kraft General Foods was renamed Kraft Foods, Inc. DI GIORNO RISING CRUST pizza was introduced.1996: BREAKSTONES snack-size cottage cheese, the first four pack of 4-ounce cups.1997: POST-Cranberry Almond Crunch and POST Honey Nut Shredded Wheat cereal was introduced. Sparkling White Grape flavored JELL-O gelatin was introduced in celebration of the brands 100th anniversary.1998: STOVE TOP OVEN CLASSICS were introduced. The same year KRAFT introduced EASY MAC macaroni and cheese dinner, a microwavable, single-serve product.

Starbucks A Coffee Company - 1355 Words

Starbucks Report Management Date: 23rd November, 2014 Introduction Starbucks is a Coffee Company that was founded in 1971 as a coffee retails company by three partners known as: Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegal and Gordon Bowker located in Seattle in United States. The chairman and CEO of the company: Howard Schultz in 1987 took over the company and reformed it into a global brand by focusing on creating strong interpersonal relationships with customers and providing them with a highest quality of coffee. At present, Starbucks has reached to a maximum level of excellence and possess a set of well-diversified portfolio of products like, confectionaries, espressos, tea and non-caffeinated products are to mention a few. Starbucks is a Coffee Company that is successfully renowned throughout the corners of the world. It has successfully won a great amount of loyal customers regardless of its high priced, coffee. Many investors are also interested in this business as they see Starbucks as a moneymaking investment. Starbucks is popular for its high priced and high quality coffee with an ambient of comfortable sofas and delightful music. It has advertised and promoted itself as the â€Å"Third Place† that means a place where people can visit beside their homes and jobs (Starbucks: A Strategic Change and Management Perspective, 2014). Business Model Key Partners: The key partners of Starbucks include the coffee suppliers. Some of the important partners that teamed Starbucks involve KFC,Show MoreRelatedStarbucks Coffee And The Coffee Company1215 Words   |  5 PagesEnthusiast coffee drinker or not, people of all generations have heard of the popular franchise Starbucks Coffee Company. Opened in 1971, Starbucks started off as a single store located in Seattle. Today the well-known coffee chain has spread their name almost all over the globe. 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There are approximately 7,300 coffee shops and kiosks in the United States and approximately 3,000 shops in 34 other countries. Starbucks products include coffee, coffee drinks, pastries, sandwiches, ice cream, espresso machinesRead MoreStarbucks : A Global Coffee Company930 Words   |  4 Pageson Starbucks by Avaniben Trivedi Subject: Managerial Economics Professor: Karen Spohn Term: Spring 2015 Introduction Starbucks is a global coffee company and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington since 1971. It is the largest coffeehouse company in the world ahead of UK rival Costa Coffee, with almost 21,366 stores in 63 countries. A recent survey says that in last 30 days 32 million people visited the store across the globe. Thus, it is a highly busy and in demand coffee shopRead MoreStarbucks : A Global Coffee Company1697 Words   |  7 Pages Starbucks is a global coffee company headquartered in Seattle, Washington. 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The new owner, Howard SchultzRead MoreStarbucks, An American Coffee Company1439 Words   |  6 PagesStarbucks, an American coffee company which was established in the year 1971. At that time it has only one store in Seattle’s Historic Pike Place Market, Washington. It covered a long journey from that single store to hundreds and thousands of stores in different countries. It has 9 stores in Seattle till 1987. The professional management and strategies used by Howard Schultz made the company globally successful. The result of his efforts lead to the expansion of stores from 400 in US to 4700 inRead MoreOverview of Starbucks Coffee Company2294 Words   |  10 PagesOverview of Starbucks Coffee Company SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM Howard Schultz Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer Cliff Burrows President, Starbucks Coffee U.S. Martin P. Coles President, Starbucks Coffee International Arthur Rubinfeld President, Global Development MISSION STATEMENT To establish Starbucks as the premier purveyor of the finest coffee in the world while maintaining our uncompromising principles as we grow. GUIDING PRINCIPLES †¢ Provide a greatRead MoreStarbucks : An American Coffee Company Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesSUMMARY Starbucks is an American coffee company which is widely known as the representative of coffee and other beverage distributors globally. Alongside many other coffee companies all around the world, Starbucks has been able to distinguish itself from others by application of many customer friendly factors such as quality, taste and as well as good customer experience. These factors have successfully been able to raise it recognition in many parts of the world as well as popularizing darkly roasted

Global Warming and Human Population Essay Free Essays

string(73) " are the largest land-based mechanism for taking C dioxide from the air\." Forest loss is directly-associated with human population growing. In 1921 human population was 25. 13 crores and woods screen was 104. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Human Population Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 05 million hectares. By 1989. woods cover reduced to 64. 01 thousand hour angle. while human population in 1991 reached to 84. 39 crores. Deforestation is due to recreation of forest land to agricultural land. river valley undertakings. roads. industiy and urbanisation. transmittal lines and activities like switching cultivation. fuelwood and timber aggregation overgrazing fires and acid rains ( vide Rana. 2006 ) . Green wealth index ( GWI ) is an index of green wealth possessed by a State or Union Territory and Green Protection index ( GP1 ) is a qualitative computation of protection accorded analyzing woods cover. recorded forest country and protected country coverage. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are richest in their green wealth with GWI at 0. 747. while Sikkim for protecting its natural heritage ranks highest on GPI graduated table with 0. 903. All India GWI is a blue 0. 193 ( Ghosh. 2004 ) . A sum of 0. 397 m hour angle woods loss in Madhya Pradesh is recorded with tribal countries accounted for about 0. 219 thousand hour angle. And in Andhra Pradesh forest loss was about 0. 46 thousand hour angle in tribal countries. This tendency continues in Northeast including Assam ( State of the Forest study. 1999 ) . Assorted cultural groups pattern assorted signifiers of agribusiness as chief stay of economic system in NE part. Rice is major harvest though corn and millets are grown. Traditional agricultural systems are Zabo. patio building and jhum or switching cultivation. Zabo. an autochthonal agriculture system of Nagaland combines agro-forestry and animate being farming and is common to separately owned lands of approximately 2. 5 hour angle. For patio building. the country is cleaned by cutting and firing forest flora. Jhum cultivation is practiced approximately by 5 hundred thousand tribal households. A entire land country of 4. 36 thousand hour angle is being affected by jhum cultivation. out of which 2. 7 thousand hour angle is in NE part. Jhum rhythm has reduced to 4-5 old ages in Meghalaya. 5-10 old ages in Mizoram and Tripura. 6-15 old ages in Nagaland and Manipur and 5-10 old ages in Arunachal Pradesh. Such cultivation consequences in dirt eroding and loss of dirt birthrate. In countries. where bamboos are cut and burnt. K- rich ash accumulates for jhum harvest. This fallow land invites several weeds and it takes a really long clip for dirt. to back up harvest works growing. Modern agribusiness with longer rhythms of 10 or more old ages and agro-forestry system are suggested for control of jhum ( Sharma. 2004 ) . Problems associating to utilize and preservation of natural resources in developing states are qualitatively different than those of developed states. In developed states. the primary issue is protection of what remains in nature. but in India preservation of natural resources must needfully see the claims of human population on these resources for their nutriment and support. Such population is dependent on woods and is among the poorest. as woods form life support systems for them. Any legal and administrative government must take to judiciously use these resources for turn toing the concerns of support while guaranting sustainability of their usage ( Hazra. 2002 ) . Try on Global Heating: Causes. Effectss and Remedies Global heating is the greatest challenge confronting our planet. It is. in fact. the addition in the temperature of the earth’s neon- surface air. It is one of the most current and widely discussed factors. It has far-reaching impact on biodiversity and climatic conditions of the planet. Several current tendencies clearly demonstrate that planetary heating is straight impacting on lifting sea degrees. the thaw of ice caps and important worldwide clime alterations. In short. planetary heating represents a cardinal menace to all living things on Earth. Global mean temperature rose significantly during the past century. The predominating scientific position is that most of the temperature increases since mid-20th century has been caused by additions in atmospheric nursery gas concentrations produced by human activity. Most scientists agree that planet’s temperature has risen 0. degree Celsius since 1900 and will go on to increase at an increasing rate. As a consequence. the universe is acquiring heater. The twelvemonth 1990 was the hottest twelvemonth in the last century. Together with 1991. the old ages of 1983. 1987. 1988 and 1989 have been measured to be the warmest six old ages in the last hundred old ages. The twelvemonth 1991 was the 2nd warmest twelvemonth of the past century. The effects of the rise in temperature is being felt all over the Earth the findings of scientific research done in this field reveal that the temperature of the Earth is likely to lift from 1. 4 °C to 5.  °C within a period of 100 old ages. Unfortunately. the instability which we have created between our life and Earth is already demoing the marks catastrophes in the signifier of inundation. cyclones. landslides. tsunami. drouth. etc. If the instability continues to lift. one twenty-four hours this will present a inquiry grade on the being of this planet. Carbon dioxide ( C02 ) which is an of import component of environment is doing a warming consequence on the earth’s surface. It increases the vaporization of H2O into the ambiance. Since H2O vapour itself is a nursery gas. this causes still more warming. The warming causes more H2O vapor to be evaporated. The C02 degree is expected to lift in future due to ongoing combustion of fossil fuels and landuse alteration. The rate of rise will depend mostly on unsure economic. sociological. technological and natural developments. Other gases such as methane. Chlorofluorocarbons. azotic oxide. tropospheric ozone are besides responsible for planetary heating. Increases in all these gases are due to explosive population growing. increased industrial enlargement. technological promotion. deforestation and turning urbanisation. etc. Trees play a important function in the planetary C rhythm. They are the largest land-based mechanism for taking C dioxide from the air. You read "Global Warming and Human Population Essay" in category "Essay examples" Deforestation is look intoing these positive procedures. It is the 2nd rule cause of atmospheric C dioxide. Deforestation is responsible for 25 per cent of all C emanations come ining the ambiance. by the combustion and film editing of 34 million estates of trees each twelvemonth. Everyday over 5500 estates of rain forest are destroyed. As a effect of monolithic loss of woods. planetary CO. degrees rise about 0. 4 per cent each twelvemonth. the degrees non experienced on this planet for 1000000s of old ages. As we know the woods are the great absorbers of CO. There is a close relation between planetary heating and population growing. Today the big population on Earth is utilizing the engineerings which are destructive for the Earth. Approximately. 80 per cent of atmospheric C02 additions are due to man’s usage of fossil fuels either in the signifier of coal. gas or oil. A big part of C emanation is attributed to the combustion of gasolene in internal-combustion engine of vehicles. Vehicles with hapless gas milage contribute the most to planetary heating. Besides. the sulfur group gas is the most harmful for this. Its part is 30 per cent in planetary heating. This gas is besides emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels. Increase in planetary temperatures will do rise in sea degree. It will take to runing of glaciers. alterations in rainfall forms. increased strength and frequence of utmost conditions. As per the latest study report the rate of thaw of glaciers has seen crisp addition in recent times. Even those glaciers are affected from planetary warming which have been considered lasting. The shrinkage of glaciers is traveling to present a major job of imbibing H2O. The sea degrees as a consequence of thaw of glaciers have risen from 0. 35 millimeter to 0. 4 millimeter. Scientists have warned in their studies that most of the glaciers will vanish within a period of 15 to 25 old ages. It will make jobs of imbibing H2O and nutrient grains in most of the North American states. India is non unaffected from it. The Himalayan glaciers have shrunk about 30 per cent after 1970. The rise in sea degrees is a major cause of concern. A big figure of metropoliss located in coastal countries will submerse in the sea. Besides. many island states will finally â€Å"lose their being and will be washed off from the surface of the Earth. The harm of lifting sea degrees is diverse. Buildings and roads near to the H2O could be flooded and they could endure harm from hurricanes and tropical storms. Experts believe that planetary heating could increase the strength of hurricanes by over 50 per cent. In add-on. as the sea rises. beach eroding takes topographic point. peculiarly on steep Bankss. Wetlands are lost as the degree rises. Rise in atmospheric temperature will take to the eruption of airborne and water-borne diseases. It would besides lend to the rise in decease caused by heat. The job of drouth would be frequent. Consequently. malnutrition and famishment will present serious challenge before humanity. Global heating is a great menace to the vegetations and zoologies of the Earth. A big figure of species of them may go nonextant. The sweep of desert would increase. Low rainfall and lifting temperature could add to the strength and frequence of dust-covered storm. This in bend will vastly impact the quality of agricultural land. finally doing inauspicious consequence on agricultural green goods. It would hold far-reaching socio-economic impact. In Indian context. the impact of planetary heating is a affair of grave concern. As is good known. India is chiefly an agricultural state and agribusiness here is gamble of the monsoon. e. . mostly depending on rainfall. Though it is to impact the whole state. the worst likely impact would be on cardinal and northern India which is high-yielding parts of the state. These are the parts which produce the largest agricultural output. The rise in atmospheric temperature and autumn in rain would of course ensue in diminution in harvest production. Furthermore. it would hold great consequence on biodiversity every bit good. The turning concerns over planetary temperatures have led to the states. provinces. corporations and persons to pull out a program of action to debar the state of affairs. As a consequence the world’s primary international understanding on battling planetary heating was reached in Kyoto in 1997 which came to be known as Kyoto Protocol. However. ten old ages have passed ; the state of affairs does non look to be really changed. It seems that the member states are non really serious about its annihilating effects. In add-on. forestation can be of great aid in this respect. Planting more trees and cut downing lumber cuts worldwide will assist reconstruct the instability. Second. we must follow on environmental policy of ‘reduce. reuse. recycle’ . i. e. advancing the reuse of anything. Third. the usage of fuel-efficient vehicles should be promoted as these vehicles have lower emanations of harmful gases. Fourthly. every person should be cognizant of the importance of the protecting environment. Besides. eco- friendly engineerings must be promoted. and must be substituted with the engineerings which cause great emanation of planetary heating gases. Public awareness run can be of great aid in this respect because unless each and every person is cognizant merely governments’ consequence can non convey coveted difference. Wordss Essay on Corruption in India ( free to read ) Corruptness is non a new phenomenon in India. It has been prevalent in society since antediluvian times. History reveals that it was present even in the Mauryan period. Great scholar Kautilya mentions the force per unit area of 40 types of corruptness in his modern-day society. It was practised even in Mughal and Sultanate period. When the East India Company took control of the state. corruptness reached new tallness. Corruptness in India has become so common that people now are antipathetic to believing of public life with it. Corruption has been defined diversely by bookmans. But the simple significance of it is that corruptness implies perversion of morality. unity. character or responsibility out of materialistic motivations. i. e. graft. without any respect to honor. right and justness. In other words. undue favor for any one for some pecuniary or other additions is corruptness. Simultaneously. striping the truly meriting from their right or privilege is besides a corrupt pattern. Shriveling from one’s responsibility or delinquency of responsibility are besides signifiers of corruptness. Besides. larcenies. wastage of public belongings constitute assortments of corruptness. Dishonesty. development. malpractices. cozenages and dirts re assorted manifestations of corruptness. Corruptness is non a uniquely Indian phenomenon. It is witnessed all over the universe in developing every bit good as developed states. It has spread its tentacles in every domain of life. viz. concern disposal. political relations. government officials. and services. In fact. there is barely any sector which can be characterised for non being infected with the frailties of corruptness. Corruptness is rampant in every section and every subdivision of society. excluding the societal position attached to it. Cipher can be considered free from corruptness from a high superior officer. To root out the immorality of corruptness from society. we need to do a comprehensive codification of behavior for politicians. legislative assemblies. administrative officials. and such codification should be purely enforced. Judiciary should be given more independency and enterprises on issues related to corruptness. Particular tribunals should be set-up to take up such issues and rapid test is to be promoted. Law and order machinery should be allowed to work without political intervention. NGOs and media should come frontward to make consciousness against corruptness in society and educate people to battle this immorality. Merely so we would be able to salvage our system from being collapsed. How to cite Global Warming and Human Population Essay, Essay examples

Trade Secret Law for Software and Technology - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theTrade Secret Law for Software and Technology Startups. Answer: Any information which can be regarded as confidential is known as confidential information. A trade secret is a subset of confidential information. Confidential information has to be protected and is not required to be registered. The protection of trade secrets is done through the creation of confidentiality agreements (Clarke, Sweeney Bender 2011). Confidentiality agreements function under the provisions of common contract law. Therefore in case confidentiality agreement is violated the aggrieved party is entitled to claim compensation for the wrongdoer under rules of damages in contract law (Milgrim, Roger and Bensen 2017). In the given situation in spite of presence of a confidentiality agreement between M and H ltd that the trade secret would be kept as confidential by the parties, the trade secret has been misused by H Ltd. This is a clear breach of contract under the rules of contract law. Therefore M is entitled to claim compensation for all the losses incurred by her in rel ation to the misuse of trade secrets by H Ltd. In the give situation it has been provided that Angela who is the marketing manager of Drinks Ahoy which specializes in manufacturing a special drink known as Liquifizz. In the given situation it has been provided that in order to meet the demand of the market she took Carl who is the MD of Boniface Bottling to a confidential room in the factory to provide him details about the formula of Liquifizz which is not patented and is protected through secret ingredients. it has been provided by the scenario that the Boniface have not signed the licensing agreement according to which had provisions for confidentiality. The company has produced an identical drink few years later and claims that they did not steel any formula. In the given situation through the application of copyright law provided through the Copyright Act 1968 Section 31 it can be provided that Drinks Ahoy owns the copyright on the drink. This is because a copyright need not be registered and is created automatically as soon as an idea is brought into existence (Halt et al. 2014). Thus as the drink manufactured by Boniface is identical which means that the copyright of Drinks Ahoy have been violated, Angela can make a claim under the Copyright Act. A restrictive covenant is imposed in an employee who has left the organization for the protection of business secrets and interest of the business. These terms are imposed on only if they are reasonably necessary for the purpose of protecting the interest of the previous employer. They can include terms like non completion and non dealing. However it is difficult to justify any covenant which is more than a period of 6-12 months (Menell 2017). In the given situation it has been provide that the manager was responsible for building the client base of the Wombat Ltd. He has access to all information in relation to the organization. Therefore the organization may impose the causes provided in the situation on the manager. However the clauses may not be possible to be imposed for a period of 12 months as the courts generally do not allow such long duration on covenants. References Clarke, B., Sweeney, B Bender, M. (2011). Marketing and the Law. Lexus Nexus Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) Halt Jr, Gerald B., Robert Fesnak, John C. Donch, and Amber R. Stiles. "Trade Secret Protection." InIntellectual Property in Consumer Electronics, Software and Technology Startups, pp. 25-32. Springer New York, 2014 Menell, Peter S. "Tailoring a Public Policy Exception to Trade Secret Protection."Cal. L. Rev.105 (2017): 1. Milgrim, Roger M., and Eric E. Bensen.Use of agreements to protect trade secrets in the employment relationship. Vol. 2. Milgrim on Trade Secrets, 2016.

Lady Day The Many Faces Of Billie Holiday Essays - Billie Holiday

Lady Day: The Many Faces Of Billie Holiday Lady Day: The Many Faces Of Billie Holiday The movie Lady Day: The Many Faces Of Billie Holiday paints an interesting, and thought provoking portrait of one of jazz and blues most charismatic, and influential artists. The incomparable talent of Billie Holiday, both truth and legend are immortalized in this one-hour documentary film. The film follows Holiday, also referred to as ?Lady Day? or ?Lady?, through the many triumphs and trials of her career, and does it's very best to separate the facts from fiction. Her autobiography Lady Sings The Blues is used as a rough guide of how she desired her life story to be viewed by her public. Those who knew her, worked with her, and loved her paint a different picture than this popular, and mostly fictional autobiography. Interview footage of her colleagues, fellow musicians, and friends such as Annie Ross, Buck Clayton, Mal Waldron, and Harry ?Sweets? Edison look back on their years of friendship and experiences with the woman they affectionately call ?Lady?. Their anecdotes, fond memories, and descriptive way of describing Holiday's unique talent and style, show the Lady that they knew and loved. The film also makes interesting use of photographs and orignal recordings of Holiday, along with movie footage of different eras. With the use of these devices, we get a feel for what Holiday's music meant for the audience it reached. The black and white footage from the thirties of groups of people merrily swing dancing, paired with a bumptious, and swingin' number Billie Holiday performed with Count Basie called ?Swing Me Count?, makes one wonder what it might have been like to actually be there. To wildly swing dance to the live vocals of Billie Holiday must have been an amazing experience, as this film demonstrates. The most enduring and alluring part of the film is the live footage of Holiday performing, either in a band with one of her idols, Louis Armstrong, or in her first film role as a maid, or in her later televised performances in the fifties. It was not Lady's vocal talent that made her what she was. It was her delivery, performance style, charisma, and impeccably beautiful dramatization of even the most banal little number that made an impression on audiences. The footage of her singing the song ?Strange Fruit? is one of the most amazing and alarming things in the film. As the audience looking in, we feel every word she sings, with a bit of awe, tinged with the horrid reality of what the song is about. This particular song was not recorded for many years due to the subject matter; lynching of African Americans in the South. This film shows Holiday as a enduring symbol of her art, a student of a life that was seldom kind or easy, a talented and alluring performer beloved by her audience, and a master of musical interpretation. I found the film to be highly enjoyable, and absolutely fascinating. I have always been a fan of Billie Holiday since I could remember, but it this particular film piqued my interest, and showed a true legend in both her prime, and the moments of her demise. It is done well enough to do justice to her work, as well as to her legend. I would definitely recommend it. Music Essays